Where To Get Ubuntu

An Ubuntu ISO file. See Get Ubuntu for download links; To ensure maximum compatibility with Apple hardware, first blank and reformat the USB stick using Apple's 'Disk Utility', but this step can be skipped if you intend to use the USB stick with only generic PC hardware. Launch Disk Utility from Applications- Utilities or Spotlight search. The latest version of the Ubuntu operating system for desktop PCs and laptops, Ubuntu 20.10 comes with nine months, until July 2021, of security and maintenance updates. Recommended system requirements are the same as for Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS. Ubuntu 20.10 release notes. An Ubuntu ISO file. See Get Ubuntu for download links; To ensure maximum compatibility with Apple hardware, first blank and reformat the USB stick using Apple's 'Disk Utility', but this step can be skipped if you intend to use the USB stick with only generic PC hardware. Launch Disk Utility from Applications- Utilities or Spotlight search.

This guide will help you install Ubuntu on your computer by using a USB memory stick. USB memory sticks are sometimes known as flash drives, memory pens or USB Mass Storage devices.

Installing from a memory stick is useful if you have a computer without a CD drive (such as a netbook), or prefer the convenience of a memory stick. Alternative methods are available.

It should take around 30 minutes to complete this process, plus the time it takes to download the 700MB installer file. Downloading from a torrent is by far the fastest way of getting it.

This guide will assume that you are running Windows

This guide will assume that you are running Windows. More comprehensive documentation which covers other operating systems is available at Installation/FromUSBStick.

To install Ubuntu from a USB memory stick you need:

• A memory stick with a capacity of at least 2GB. It will be formatted (erased) during this process, so copy any files that you want to keep to another location. They will all be permanently deleted from the memory stick.
• A computer that can boot (start-up) from a USB memory stick. Many older computers can't boot from USB – check the boot options in your BIOS (see Start the Ubuntu installer) to see if yours can.
• A computer with
  • at least 384MB of system memory (RAM) for Lubuntu Alternate 32-bit. Other flavours of Ubuntu need at least 1 GB RAM, standard Ubuntu and Kubuntu need 2 GB RAM to work well.
  • 6GB of available hard disk space and
  • a 700MHz or faster x86 processor for Lubuntu. Other flavours of Ubuntu need a more powerful processor, at least a Pentium 4 or similar processor (made around 2004 or later). Most Intel and AMD processors are x86 processors. 32-bit and 64-bit processors are supported.
• standard Ubuntu wants 3-d graphics processing which means at least a core 2 duo processor or similar processor and/or a decent graphics card.
• A working Internet connection.

• At least Windows recovery disks, and backup of all important personal data files.

You need a copy of the Ubuntu installer CD image (.iso) so that you can put it on a memory stick.

1. Go to www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download.

2. The version 16.04.1 LTS of standard Ubuntu or one of the community flavours (Kubuntu, Lubuntu ... Xubuntu) is a good choice.

3. Choose your country (or one nearby) from the Download location drop-down list.

4. Click Begin download to download the .iso image file needed to install Ubuntu. This will be about 700MB in size.

You can choose other options, like a 64-bit CD image or a BitTorrent download, by clicking Alternative download options.

You need to download a program that can properly put the installer onto a memory stick. You can't just copy the .iso file onto the memory stick.

• Extract the iso file

  • Plug-in your USB memory stick.

  • Go to https://rufus.akeo.ie/ and download the Rufus USB installer. Put it on your Desktop or somewhere convenient.

  • See the detailed instructions at the Rufus website or at https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

• Alternative: Clone the iso file with Win32 Disk Imager according to https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager/iso2usb

To start your computer from a memory stick, you might need to change the order of boot devices:

1. Plug-in the memory stick and restart your computer.
   • BIOS mode: You should see a purple Ubuntu boot screen with white icons at the bottom (Figure 1).
   • UEFI mode: You should see a black screen with a GNU GRUB menu.
   • If your computer boots back into Windows, it is not yet set-up to boot from USB, so continue following these steps. Otherwise your computer has successfully booted from the memory stick. Skip to the Install Ubuntu section.

2. If your computer boots back into Windows, restart the computer again. As soon as the first text appears on the screen, press the button to enter your BIOS/system setup. There should be a message telling you how to do this. You normally need to press one of the following keys: F1, F2, Del, Esc, F10, F11, or F12.

3. A BIOS screen should appear. Find the option to change the Boot Order and change the first item in the boot order list to be USB Disk, or similar.
   • The USB Disk option may have a different name on your computer, for example: Removable Drive; USB-HDD; USB Mass Storage; or USB.

   • If there is no option to boot from USB Disk, your computer may not be able to boot from USB. See the http://www.pendrivelinux.com/testing-your-system-for-usb-boot-compatibility/ for a tool to test if your computer can boot from USB.

4. After you have changed the boot order, save your changes and restart the computer. It should now start from the memory stick.

If you have successfully booted from your memory stick, you should now be looking at a menu with purple background in BIOS mode or black background in UEFI mode. To start the Ubuntu installer:

1. In BIOS mode: Wait a few seconds and Ubuntu will start loading. Otherwise, you can press a key and a boot menu with more options will appear.

   • Press the F5 key to access universal access options like the screen reader and magnifier.

2. After a few second or a minute or two (depending on your hardware), an Install window will appear. Select your language from the list to the left of the screen and select

   • Try Ubuntu or

   • Install Ubuntu

   Try Ubuntu (Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, ...) before installing it unless there is not enough RAM (to try Ubuntu).

   Figure 2 - The partitioning screen

3. Follow the instructions on the screen to select your country, timezone and keyboard layout.

4. When you get to the Partitioning screen (Figure 2, full size), choose one of the following options to determine how to put Ubuntu on your hard disk:

   • If you want to keep Windows installed and choose whether to start Windows or Ubuntu each time you start the computer, choose Install Ubuntu alongside Windows. This is called a dual-boot setup. Use the slider in the next window to choose how to share disk space between Windows and Ubuntu (Ubuntu should have at least 8 GB of space. It works better with 16 GB or more, which should be possible in a not too old computer).

   • If you want to remove Windows and replace it with Ubuntu, choose Erase disk and install Ubuntu. All of the files on the disk will be deleted before Ubuntu is put on it, so make sure you have backup copies of anything you wanted to keep.

   • For more complicated disk layouts, choose Something Else. You can manually add, modify and delete disk partitions using this option.

5. When you click Forward, you may receive a message saying that the changes will be applied (Figure 3). This normally happens if you resized a partition. If you click Continue, your hard disk will be changed permanently and you won't be able to go back. Make sure you're happy with any changes that you made.

6. Follow the rest of the instructions to choose a username and password and migrate files and settings from Windows.

7. Click Install. The installation will begin, and should take 10-20 minutes to complete. When it is finished, choose to restart the computer and then remove your memory stick. Ubuntu should start to load.

You should now be able to log in to Ubuntu and start using it. Here are some tips to help you get started:

• Click the Applications menu at the top of the screen to start a program.

• Click the Network Manager icon (near to the speaker icon) at the top right of the screen to connect to the Internet.

• Use the System menu to change settings.

• You can find help by clicking System -> Help and Support.

I can't boot from USB even though I have USB Disk (or similar) as the first option in my boot list

Sometimes the memory stick will not be recognized when you boot. Leave it plugged in for 30 seconds or so, then restart with it left plugged-in. Or, unplug the memory stick, restart the computer and then plug it in as soon as anything appears on the screen (i.e. as early in the boot process as possible).

Also, some BIOS options could interfere with USB booting. Go into the BIOS and try enabling or disabling options like Fast Boot, USB keyboard support and USB 2.0 support. Finally, make sure you haven't selected a USB-FDD or USB-ZIP boot option. These will not work.

Is it safer to resize my partition in Windows?

Some people experience problems when booting into Windows, after they have resized the Windows partition using the Ubuntu installer. See HowtoResizeWindowsPartitions for a guide on an alternative method of resizing a Windows partition which is less likely to cause problems.

• Installation/FromUSBStick

• http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download

• http://www.pendrivelinux.com/downloads/Universal-USB-Installer

• http://www.pendrivelinux.com/testing-your-system-for-usb-boot-compatibility/

For further help, see http://www.ubuntu.com/support.

Applies to:SQL Server (all supported versions) - Linux

In this quickstart, you install SQL Server 2017 on Ubuntu 16.04/18.04. You then connect with sqlcmd to create your first database and run queries.

Tip

This tutorial requires user input and an internet connection. If you are interested in the unattended or offline installation procedures, see Installation guidance for SQL Server on Linux. For a list of supported platforms, see our Release notes.

In this quickstart, you install SQL Server 2019 on Ubuntu 16.04/18.04. You then connect with sqlcmd to create your first database and run queries.

Tip

This tutorial requires user input and an internet connection. If you are interested in the unattended or offline installation procedures, see Installation guidance for SQL Server on Linux. For a list of supported platforms, see our Release notes.

Prerequisites

You must have an Ubuntu 16.04 or 18.04 machine with at least 2 GB of memory.

To install Ubuntu 18.04 on your own machine, go to http://releases.ubuntu.com/bionic/. You can also create Ubuntu virtual machines in Azure. See Create and Manage Linux VMs with the Azure CLI.

Note

At this time, the Windows Subsystem for Linux for Windows 10 is not supported as an installation target.

For other system requirements, see System requirements for SQL Server on Linux.

Note

Ubuntu 18.04 is supported starting with SQL Server 2017 CU20. If you want to use the instructions on this article with Ubuntu 18.04, make sure you use the correct repository path, 18.04 instead of 16.04.

If you are running SQL Server on a lower version, the configuration is possible with modifications.

You must have an Ubuntu 16.04 or 18.04 machine with at least 2 GB of memory.

To install Ubuntu 18.04 on your own machine, go to http://releases.ubuntu.com/bionic/. You can also create Ubuntu virtual machines in Azure. See Create and Manage Linux VMs with the Azure CLI.

Note

At this time, the Windows Subsystem for Linux for Windows 10 is not supported as an installation target.

Ubuntu Download

For other system requirements, see System requirements for SQL Server on Linux.

Install SQL Server

Note

The following commands for SQL Server 2017 points to the Ubuntu 18.04 repository. If you are using Ubuntu 16.04, change the path below to /ubuntu/16.04/ instead of /ubuntu/18.04/.

To configure SQL Server on Ubuntu, run the following commands in a terminal to install the mssql-server package.

1. Import the public repository GPG keys:

2. Register the Microsoft SQL Server Ubuntu repository:

   For Ubuntu 16.04:

   For Ubuntu 18.04:

   Tip

   If you want to install SQL Server 2019 , you must instead register the SQL Server 2019 repository. Use the following command for SQL Server 2019 installations:

   For Ubuntu 16.04:

   For Ubuntu 18.04:

3. Run the following commands to install SQL Server:

4. After the package installation finishes, run mssql-conf setup and follow the prompts to set the SA password and choose your edition.

   Tip

   The following SQL Server 2017 editions are freely licensed: Evaluation, Developer, and Express.

   Note

   Make sure to specify a strong password for the SA account (Minimum length 8 characters, including uppercase and lowercase letters, base 10 digits and/or non-alphanumeric symbols).

5. Once the configuration is done, verify that the service is running:

6. If you plan to connect remotely, you might also need to open the SQL Server TCP port (default 1433) on your firewall.

At this point, SQL Server is running on your Ubuntu machine and is ready to use!

Install SQL Server

Note

The following commands for SQL Server 2019 points to the Ubuntu 18.04 repository. If you are using Ubuntu 16.04, change the path below to /ubuntu/16.04/ instead of /ubuntu/18.04/.

To configure SQL Server on Ubuntu, run the following commands in a terminal to install the mssql-server package.

1. Import the public repository GPG keys:

2. Register the Microsoft SQL Server Ubuntu repository for SQL Server 2019:

   For Ubuntu 16.04:

   For Ubuntu 18.04:

3. Run the following commands to install SQL Server:

4. After the package installation finishes, run mssql-conf setup and follow the prompts to set the SA password and choose your edition.

   Note

   Make sure to specify a strong password for the SA account (Minimum length 8 characters, including uppercase and lowercase letters, base 10 digits and/or non-alphanumeric symbols).

5. Once the configuration is done, verify that the service is running:

6. If you plan to connect remotely, you might also need to open the SQL Server TCP port (default 1433) on your firewall.

At this point, SQL Server 2019 is running on your Ubuntu machine and is ready to use!

Install the SQL Server command-line tools

To create a database, you need to connect with a tool that can run Transact-SQL statements on the SQL Server. The following steps install the SQL Server command-line tools: sqlcmd and bcp.

Use the following steps to install the mssql-tools on Ubuntu.

1. Import the public repository GPG keys.

2. Register the Microsoft Ubuntu repository.

   For Ubuntu 16.04:

   For Ubuntu 18.04:

3. Update the sources list and run the installation command with the unixODBC developer package. For more information, see Install the Microsoft ODBC driver for SQL Server (Linux).

   Note

   To update to the latest version of mssql-tools run the following commands:

4. Optional: Add /opt/mssql-tools/bin/ to your PATH environment variable in a bash shell.

   To make sqlcmd/bcp accessible from the bash shell for login sessions, modify your PATH in the ~/.bash_profile file with the following command:

   To make sqlcmd/bcp accessible from the bash shell for interactive/non-login sessions, modify the PATH in the ~/.bashrc file with the following command:

Connect locally

The following steps use sqlcmd to locally connect to your new SQL Server instance.

1. Run sqlcmd with parameters for your SQL Server name (-S), the user name (-U), and the password (-P). In this tutorial, you are connecting locally, so the server name is localhost. The user name is SA and the password is the one you provided for the SA account during setup.

   Tip

   You can omit the password on the command line to be prompted to enter it.

   Tip

   If you later decide to connect remotely, specify the machine name or IP address for the -S parameter, and make sure port 1433 is open on your firewall.

2. If successful, you should get to a sqlcmd command prompt: 1>.

3. If you get a connection failure, first attempt to diagnose the problem from the error message. Then review the connection troubleshooting recommendations.

Create and query data

The following sections walk you through using sqlcmd to create a new database, add data, and run a simple query.

Create a new database

The following steps create a new database named TestDB.

1. From the sqlcmd command prompt, paste the following Transact-SQL command to create a test database:

2. On the next line, write a query to return the name of all of the databases on your server:

3. The previous two commands were not executed immediately. You must type GO on a new line to execute the previous commands:

Tip

To learn more about writing Transact-SQL statements and queries, see Tutorial: Writing Transact-SQL Statements.

Insert data

Next create a new table, Inventory, and insert two new rows.

1. From the sqlcmd command prompt, switch context to the new TestDB database:

2. Create new table named Inventory:

3. Insert data into the new table:

4. Type GO to execute the previous commands:

Select data

Now, run a query to return data from the Inventory table.

1. From the sqlcmd command prompt, enter a query that returns rows from the Inventory table where the quantity is greater than 152:

2. Execute the command:

Exit the sqlcmd command prompt

To end your sqlcmd session, type QUIT:

Performance best practices

Where To Get Older Versions Of Ubuntu

After installing SQL Server on Linux, review the best practices for configuring Linux and SQL Server to improve performance for production scenarios. For more information, see Performance best practices and configuration guidelines for SQL Server on Linux.

Cross-platform data tools

Where To Get Ubuntu

In addition to sqlcmd, you can use the following cross-platform tools to manage SQL Server:

Where To Get Ubuntu

Connecting from Windows

SQL Server tools on Windows connect to SQL Server instances on Linux in the same way they would connect to any remote SQL Server instance.

If you have a Windows machine that can connect to your Linux machine, try the same steps in this topic from a Windows command-prompt running sqlcmd. Just verify that you use the target Linux machine name or IP address rather than localhost, and make sure that TCP port 1433 is open. If you have any problems connecting from Windows, see connection troubleshooting recommendations.

For other tools that run on Windows but connect to SQL Server on Linux, see:

Other deployment scenarios

For other installation scenarios, see the following resources:

• Upgrade: Learn how to upgrade an existing installation of SQL Server on Linux
• Uninstall: Uninstall SQL Server on Linux
• Unattended install: Learn how to script the installation without prompts
• Offline install: Learn how to manually download the packages for offline installation

Tip

For answers to frequently asked questions, see the SQL Server on Linux FAQ.

For other tools that run on Windows but connect to SQL Server on Linux, see:

Other deployment scenarios

For other installation scenarios, see the following resources:

• Upgrade: Learn how to upgrade an existing installation of SQL Server on Linux
• Uninstall: Uninstall SQL Server on Linux
• Unattended install: Learn how to script the installation without prompts
• Offline install: Learn how to manually download the packages for offline installation

Tip

For answers to frequently asked questions, see the SQL Server on Linux FAQ.

Next steps